1. if Statement:
- General format: if (expression) program statement;
- Block format: if (expression) { block of statements; }
- Example:
if (count > COUNT_LIMIT)
printf("Count limit exceeded\n");
2. if-else Construct:
- General format: if (expression) { program statement 1; } else { program statement 2; }
- Example:
if (count > COUNT_LIMIT)
printf("Count limit exceeded\n");
else
printf("Count limit is not exceeded\n");
3. Compound Relational Test:
- Combining simple relational tests using && (logical AND) and || (logical OR).
- Example:
if (grade >= 70 && grade <= 79)
++grades_70_to_79;
4. Nested if Statement:
- Example:
if (score >= 40) {
if (age >= 18)
printf("Issue Ticket\n");
}
else {
printf("Not in age\n");
}
5. switch Statement:
- General format:
switch (expression) {
case value1: program statements; break;
case value2: program statements; break;
default: program statements; break;
}
- Example:
switch (operator) {
case '+': printf("%.2f\n", value1 + value2); break;
case '-': printf("%.2f\n", value1 - value2); break;
default: printf("Unknown operator.\n"); break;
}
6. The Conditional Operator:
- Ternary operator format: condition ? expression1 : expression2
- Example:
s = (x < 0) ? -1 : x * x;